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hydrophobic ---- does not mix with water (non-polar)
hydrophillic ---- mixes with water (polar)
fluid mosaic model ---- a model that describes the cell membrane as a continually moving and dynamic mixture of proteins and phospholipids
integral protein ---- a protein that is at least partially embedded inside the cell membrane
peripheral protein ---- a protein that is attached to but not inside the cell membrane
transmembrane protein ---- a protein that extends through both sides of the plasma membrane
passive transport ---- the transport of molecules through channel proteins requiring no energy input
active transport ---- the transport of molecules through channel proteins requiring an input of energy
diffusion ---- the natural movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
osmosis ---- the movement of water through a semi-permeable membrane from an area of low solute conentration to an area of high solute concentration
hypotonic ---- a solution with a low solute concentration (high water concentration) in comparison to a second solution separated by a semi-permeable membrane
hypertonic ---- a solution with a high solute concentration (low water concentration) in comparison to a second solution separated by a semi-permeable membrane
channel proteins ---- transmembrane proteins that create a pore spanning the cell membrane and allow specific molecules to cross
carrier protein ---- a protein that aids the transport of a small molecule from one side of the cell membrane to the other
facilitated diffusion ---- the movement of molecules down a concentration gradient (in the direction of diffusion) aided by a carrier protein
uniport ---- the facilitated transport of one molecule across a cell membrane
symport ---- the facilitated transport of two molecules across a cell membrane
antiport ---- the facilitated transport of two molecules across a cell membrane at the same time and in opposite directions